鱿鱼(Squid)肝脏蛋白酶解物中ACE活性抑制肽的分离纯化及活性分析

为提高鱿鱼加工下脚料的利用率,以秘鲁鱿鱼肝脏为研究对象,采用生物酶解技术和凝胶蛋白分离技术等对其进行研究。研究结果表明:鱿鱼肝脏蛋白酶解液经过超滤处理后(分子质量为20k Da),用Sephadex G-100初步分离,得到五个组分,对分离的组分进行研究,结果表明降血压活性能力最强的是组分二,测定其半抑制浓度(IC50)为1.8mg/m L。对组分二进行活性条件分析,结构表明其ACE抑制活性在温度0—100°C、p H 1—12之间基本没有变化。最后用DEAE阴离子交换柱和Sephadex LH-20对组分二继续分离纯化,得到组分六和组分七,测定其半抑制浓度(IC50)分别达到1.52 mg/m L和2.16 mg/m L。本研究可为利用鱿鱼加工下脚料开发降血压活性肽产品提供理论基础。     

基于验潮站组网的深度基准面确定

分析了短期和临时验潮站深度基准确定的不统一性。重点研究了以长期验潮站作为控制,将验潮站组网传递确定深度基准面的方法,具体阐述了最小二乘拟合求取潮差比与平差方法求取深度基准值的计算方法与原理。利用仿真实验与实例计算论证了该方法的合理与可靠性。得出的结论是:在海道测量作业海域,基于验潮站组网确定深度基准可以达到理想的精度,且获得含义统一的深度基准面。     

甘肃北山—河西走廊—祁连山区域地下水循环模式

山区地下水流动受到区域气候条件、地形地貌、地质构造等因素共同控制,限于资料有限,其流动模式与控制机理尚不清晰.特别是地处甘肃北山的高放废物地质处置库预选区、河西走廊以及祁连山北麓区域地下水的流动模式,直接决定了处置库在万年时间尺度上的安全性.基于区域遥感构造解译、地质构造演化分析、地球物理勘探以及水文地质钻探,获取了典...     

近百年来东平湖沉积通量变化与环境

根据210Pb、137Cs法建立的东平湖现代沉积年代序列,结合沉积物粒度与烧失量变化特征以及黄河变迁与流域人类活动的特点,分析探讨了1889年以来东平湖沉积通量的变化。研究表明,百年来东平湖沉积环境不稳定,沉积通量变化较大:1889~1938年,沉积通量较高且基本稳定,1938~1965年,沉积通量逐年下降,1965~2000年,沉积通量整体较低且基本稳定,2000年以来,沉积通量呈逐年上升趋势。早期的高沉积通量与东平湖作为黄河自然滞蓄洪区有关,后期由于人类活动（湖区治理、黄河水利工程建设等）控制了黄河水的自然倒灌,导致了沉积通量的下降并趋于稳定,近期沉积通量的上升是湖区经济活动增强的反映。     

高放废物处置库甘肃北山预选区地下水位动态特征

阐明了甘肃北山预选区地下水位动态特征及其与当地大气降水的关系,并对其动态类型进行了剖析,由此得出北山地区地下水源自当地大气降水补给的认识。为处置库预选区场址评价提供了水文地质依据。     

A comparison of different Gracilariopsis lemaneiformis (Rhodophyta) parts in biochemical characteristics,protoplast formation and regeneration

Gracilariopsis lemaneiformis is a commercially exploited alga. Its filaceous thallus can be divided into three parts, holdfast, middle segment and tip. The growth and branch forming trend and agar content of these three parts were analyzed, respectively, in this study. The results showed that the tip had the highest growth rate and branched most, although it was the last part with branch forming ability. The holdfast formed branches earliest but slowly. Holdfast had the highest agar content. We also assessed the difference in protoplast formation and regeneration among three parts. The middle segment displayed the shortest enzymolysis time and the highest protoplast yield; whereas the tip had the strongest vitality of protoplasts formation. Juvenile plants were only obtained from the protoplasts generated from the tip. These results suggested that the differentiation and function of G. lemaneiformis was different.     

Changes in Land Use and Agricultural Production Structure Before and After the Implementation of Grain for Green Program in Western China–Taking Two Typical Counties as Examples

Soil erosion becomes a serious environmental problem in the world, especially in western China. An effective management practice called the Grain for Green Program （GGP）, which was launched in 1999, aims to reduce soil and water loss and alleviate the ecological environment problem in western China. Two typical counties in western China, the Zhongxian （in Chongqing Municipality） and Ansai （in Shaanxi Province） were chosen to evaluate the dynamic changes of land use and agricultural production structure before and after the implementation of the Program in this paper. The results showed that the cultivated land area was reduced by 7.08% from 1989 to 2003. The cultivated land per person was decreased by 8.42% during 1999-2003. Moreover, the stability index of the secondary sector of the economy was increased from 0.91 in the period 1990-1999 to 0.94 in the following ten years. In addition, the stability index of tertiary economic sector increased from 0.88 to 0.92 in Zhongxian county. Meanwhile, the cultivated land area was reduced by 15.48% from 1990 to 1999. The soil erosion modulus was decreased by 33.33% from 1999 to 2006. Also, the stability index of secondary and tertiary economic sectors was 0.86 in the period 1998-2002. However, it decreased by 77% during 2002 to 2007 in Ansai County. These results imply that the Grain for Green Program had different impact on the two regions. Several effective strategies of soil and water conservation have been carried out to ameliorate the sustainable development of ecological environment and economy in these two counties of western China.     

Marine bacterium strain screening and pyrethroid insecticide-degrading efficiency analysis

A pyrethroid insecticide-degrading bacterium, strain HS-24, was isolated from an offshore seawater environment. The strain, which can degrade cypermethrin(CYP) and deltamethrin(DEL), was identified as Methylophaga sp. The optimal culture and degradation conditions for CYP and DEL by strain HS-24 is pH 7 at 28°C. Under optimum culture conditions, strain HS-24 exhibited a broad degradation concentration range of 100, 200, 400, 600, and 800 mg/L for CYP and DEL. The metabolic intermediates were analyzed by NMR, which provided strong evidence that CYP and DEL removal occurred mainly because of a biological process. The toxicity of the degradation products of strain HS-24 was studied simultaneously by measuring the light output of the luminescence bacterium. This demonstrated that the biodegradation ability of strain HS-24 significantly decreased the toxicity of CYP- and DEL-contaminated aquaculture seawater. Finally, the findings of this paper indicate that strain HS-24 is thus revealed as a biological agent for the remediation of marine aquatic environments.     

时空遥感云计算平台PIE-Engine Studio的研究与应用

随着遥感大数据时代的到来,为快速处理和分析海量遥感数据,国内外涌现了众多遥感云计算平台,使得全球尺度、长时间序列遥感数据的快速分析和应用成为可能。本文在分析国内外遥感云计算平台现状的基础上,针对大数据时代国内缺少功能完备的遥感云计算平台,且国外遥感云计算平台对国产卫星数据支持不足等问题,基于容器云技术,构建了包含国产卫星数据且集数据、算力和技术于一体的时空遥感云计算平台PIE（Pixel Information Expert）-Engine Studio,实现了脚本驱动的遥感数据的按需获取以及海量数据的快速处理。采用Landsat 8数据,以生长季植被指数NDVI（Normalized Difference Vegetation Index）的计算为例,对比了本平台与GEE（Google Earth Engine）的数据处理能力。结果表明,由于计算资源的限制,本平台的计算和导出时间均比GEE稍长,但计算结果的空间分布一致,其中近68%的值均分布在（0.48,0.77）,且二者差值的95.33%集中在（-0.13,0.13）,结果较为可信。因此,本文构建的基于共享、开放的中国自主遥感云计算平台PIE-Engine Studio,可为地球科学领域的研究提供数据和算力支持,将有助于推进中国遥感云计算平台的发展进程,推动国产卫星数据在云计算平台上的应用。     

高放废物地质处置北山预选区旧井和新场花岗岩填隙方解石同位素地球化学

为了探讨高放废物地质处置甘肃北山预选区旧井和新场预选地段的古地下流体来源、成因、化学演化历史以及水-岩相互作用,文章系统研究了该地段花岗岩填隙方解石的产出特征及其碳、氧、锶同位素的组成特征。测试结果表明,旧井和新场方解石的δ13 C组成均较稳定且为负值(分别为-11.6‰~-5.7‰和-9.9‰~-5.1‰);δ18 O分别为-0.7‰~19.7‰和10.9‰~21.9‰,旧井方解石具有更宽的δ18 O取值范围。87 Sr/86 Sr也略有差异,旧井为0.708584~0.718749,新场为0.708838~0.732967,二者随深度增加而呈明显的降低趋势。研究表明,北山预选区地下流体来源及成因较复杂,浅部地下水受大气降水的影响较大,深部流体则主要源于地下咸水,为低温流体蚀变成因。花岗岩裂隙中的水-岩反应强度总体较弱,地下水环境相对稳定。相比较而言,新场岩体深部的地球化学环境更稳定,更有利于高放废物的长期处置。